Stockholm: Sweden faced political deadlock after the far-right made gains in legislative elections that left the question of who will form the next government up in the air on Monday.
The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the party with the most votes, but Sweden’s fragmented political landscape after Sunday’s election makes it impossible to predict who will form the next government.
As expected, neither the centre-left nor the centre-right bloc obtained a majority. The far-right Sweden Democrats solidified their position as third-biggest party and kingmaker, albeit with a lower score than they had expected.
Far-right parties have gained strength in elections in recent years in several European countries, including Germany and Italy. Politicians in Sweden will now “need a lot of imagination” to form a government, daily Svenska Dagbladet wrote. “However the dramatic bloc battle plays out, it looks like it will be difficult for Sweden to have a functioning government,” paper of reference Dagens Nyheter wrote in an editorial.
Social Democratic Prime Minister Stefan Lofven’s “red-green” left bloc enjoys a razor-thin one-seat lead over the centre-right opposition Alliance. Fewer than 30,000 votes separate the blocs and nearly 200,000 ballots from Swedes who voted abroad have yet to be counted. The Social Democrats won 28.4 per cent of votes, down 2.8 points from the 2014 elections, their worst score in a century.
“Nevertheless, voters made the Social Democrats Sweden's biggest party,” Lofven said.
Acknowledging the parliamentary deadlock, he extended an invitation to the opposition.
“This election should mark the death of bloc politics. We need a cross-bloc cooperation,” he told his party supporters.
However, the four-party Alliance rejected his invite, calling on Lofven to step down and make way for them to build a government. “This government has had its chance. It has to resign,” Alliance opposition leader Ulf Kristersson told his conservative Moderate party supporters.
Lofven is seeking a new four-year mandate, but he will have difficulty forming a stable government. He, like all of the other parties, has categorically ruled out any cooperation with the far-right.
He could try to build a similar government to the one he formed in 2014: a minority coalition with the Greens that relies on the informal support in parliament of the ex-communist Left Party.
But it would then be under constant threat from the Sweden Democrats, out to topple it at the first opportunity.
They are ready to block any attempt to pass legislation, such as the autumn budget bill.
Lofven could also invitate the Centre and Liberal parties to join him at the negotiating table.
“If the red-green bloc is bigger, the Centre and the Liberals hold the key and not Jimmie Akesson,” the Sweden Democrat leader, said University of Gothenburg political science professor Mikael Gilliam on Swedish public radio.
With one major caveat: the Centre and Liberals are members of the Alliance, together with the Moderates and Christian Democrats.
Despite their differences, notably on immigration policy, the Alliance parties that ruled Sweden from 2006 to 2014 have agreed to try to form a government together.
But that is no easy task.
The Alliance would need the far-right's support to obtain a majority in parliament.
It would have to either make policy concessions in exchange for the Sweden Democrats' support or offer key positions on parliamentary committees that draft legislation.
The Sweden Democrats won 17.6 percent of votes -- up by nearly five percent since the previous election.
The party's leader Akesson told Swedish public radio on Monday he expected to wield major influence but said he was “willing to compromise.””He who understands first that he can talk to me will have the easiest time building a government and leading this country for the next four years,” he said.
But, he told news agency TT, “we have a long list of demands we're going to set in any negotiations.”To avoid that situation, Kristersson appears to favour some form of broad cross-bloc cooperation with the Social Democrats.
In the past four-year mandate, the two have signed 26 deals to pass legislation, notably on immigration, energy and the climate.“This is a very uncertain situation,” said David Ahlin, opinion chief at the market research company Ipsos.
“The most likely situation will be that the Alliance will form a coalition together and try to seek cross-bloc support.”
