Historic Homecoming: Netherlands Returns 11th-Century Chola Copper Plates to India
India has been pursuing the return of the Anaimangalam Copper Plates, known in the Netherlands as the Leiden Plates, since 2012.
New Delhi: The Netherlands on Saturday returned the 11th-century Chola dynasty copper plates to India, in an event attended by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Dutch counterpart Rob Jetten. PM Modi described the occasion as "a joyous moment for every Indian".
“A joyous moment for every Indian! Chola Copper Plates dating back to the 11th Century will be repatriated to India from the Netherlands. Took part in the ceremony for the same in the presence of Prime Minister Rob Jetten. The Chola Copper Plates are a set of 21 large plates and 3 small plates and largely contain texts in Tamil, one of the most beautiful languages of the world. They relate to the great Rajendra Chola I formalising an oral commitment made by his father, King Rajaraja I. They also showcase the greatness of the Cholas. We in India are immensely proud of the Cholas, their culture and their maritime prowess. I thank the Government of the Netherlands and Leiden University in particular, where the Copper Plates were kept since the mid-19th century,” wrote Mr Modi on X after receiving the copper plates.
India has been pursuing the return of the Anaimangalam Copper Plates, known in the Netherlands as the Leiden Plates, since 2012.
External Affairs Ministry spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal, in a social media post, said the copper plates highlight the legacy of the Chola dynasty and their return is "yet another step in the homecoming of Indian cultural artefacts from abroad".
The 21 copper plates are considered the most significant surviving records of the Chola dynasty and are among the important artefacts of Tamil heritage held anywhere outside India. They weigh approximately 30 kg and are bound together by a bronze ring bearing the royal seal of the Chola dynasty. The plates are divided into two sections: one has texts in Sanskrit, the other in Tamil.
Rajaraja Chola I was a Hindu emperor who provided revenue endowments for a Buddhist monastery. While Rajaraja Chola I gave the original verbal order, which was recorded on palm leaves, it was his son, Rajendra Chola I, who had the grant amount etched on durable copper plates to preserve it. The bronze ring that binds the plates bears Rajendra Chola's seal.
The plates were brought to the Netherlands in the 1700s by Florentius Camper, who was in India as part of a Christian missionary in the period when Nagapattinam, the city mentioned in the plates, was under Dutch control.
The 24th session of the Intergovernmental Committee on Return and Restitution found that India's claim as the nation of origin for the plates was valid. The committee encouraged the Netherlands to engage in constructive bilateral dialogue with India regarding the return of the plates. The Netherlands decided to hand over the plates during the Prime Minister's visit.
The copper plates, belonging to the times of Rajaraja Chola I, weigh approximately 30 kilograms and are bound together by a bronze ring bearing the royal seal of the Chola dynasty. The plates were brought to the Netherlands in the 1700s by Florentius Camper, who was in India as part of a Christian missionary in the period when Nagapattinam - the city mentioned in the plates - was under Dutch control.
The 24th session of the Intergovernmental Committee on Return and Restitution found that India's claim as the nation of origin for the plates was valid. The committee encouraged the Netherlands to engage in constructive bilateral dialogue with India regarding the return of the plates. The Netherlands decided to hand over the plates during the Prime Minister's visit.
