Hyderabad: Changes in the structure of the heart due to high pollution levels were noted in a study published in the journal Circulation, where they found that it was similar to those seen in the early stages of heart failure.
The study looked into the data of 4,000 participants and they found a clear association between those who lived near loud, busy roads and were exposed to nitrogen dioxide or particulate matter 2.5.
It was found that the development of larger right and left pumping ventricles in the heart were affected which was similar to the remodelling seen in early stages of heart failure.
Senior cardiologist Dr K.K. Aggarwal explained, “The lifestyle, diet and also the close proximity to higher levels of pollution were found to increase the risk of heart failure. These combination factors play a major role and one of them is the increasing pollution level.”
The increasing cubic metre of PM 2.5 levels in the air were found to enlarge the heart. Senior Cardiologist Dr Sunil Kapoor said, “Vehicular pollution in cities is one of the contributing factors and a prolonged and continuous exposure can lead to harm. We have so far considered it as a factor but with details like changes in the heart structure there is more accurate evidence coming up. But, it will require more sample studies to understand how it affects different people.”
Air pollution is a modifiable risk factor and it can be controlled with the intervention of the government and active participation of the people. Experts said that before it becomes a major problem adequate steps need to be taken.
