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No trains to safety

The Kalka Mail’s tragedy holds sharp personal anguish for someone who was brought up on the railways in another age of travelling in comfort and security.

Sunday afternoon’s derailment in Uttar Pradesh might possibly be due to sabotage (like that of the Guwahati-Puri Express the same day) but my instincts say this is yet another consequence of the mismanagement that marks an India that is trundling to the moon in a creaking bullock cart packed with diseased and undernourished people.

Great things are being done for India but not for Indians. The impermanence to which the permanent way — nearly 65,000 km of track — is being reduced matters more than 2G and Commonwealth Games scams or the fuss over a Lokpal.

It was with a stab of pain that I read amidst harrowing tales of death and suffering that the derailed train has fallen to fourth place in the pecking order. Time was when no train in Kolkata was grander than the Delhi Mail which went on to Kalka. As a child, I looked on it with awe for a very personal reason — my father’s saloon couldn’t be attached to it; he wasn’t an important enough railway official to add to the length and weight of a train that had sped the viceroy to Shimla.

The main platform at Howrah used to be ablaze with the movers and shakers of the world when the Kalka Mail with its smart dining car run by Kellner (Spencer handled catering on southern routes) set out for Delhi each evening.

That august train now follows humbly in the wake of upstarts of the railroad like the Rajdhani and Duronto and Poorva Expresses. The Rajdhani certainly isn’t half as splendid as the Kalka Mail used to be. Its downfall probably began unnoticed when the original sitting room was lopped off.

Recently, I had to take it from Patna, and noticed how my first class airconditioned coupe was only a stark box of splintering plywood without many of the fittings (wash basin, wardrobe, etc.) that had been there only a few years ago. One might argue that a stark wooden box can move just as smoothly and safely on the rails as the viceregal saloon used to, but if trains have been so downgraded, it’s likely that so have the rails and supporting infrastructure.

Each new political adventurer who bags the railway portfolio only seeks personal fame and a place in posterity by adding a new train. That is all that public life in India is about nowadays. It’s the same in the professions, even in my own trade of stringing words together. Everyone is selling something and that something is himself (or herself).

Only, railway ministers do it at the cost of public life and safety. Lal Bahadur Shastri was the only incumbent to have had the decency to acknowledge that. The others are out for what they can get.

“I am the minister of state, not the railway minister,” Mukul Roy is quoted as saying after Sunday’s calamity.

“I will go to the spot if the PM tells me.” The remark betrayed his discontent at not being given Cabinet rank and his anxiety for an opportunity to push himself to the notice of Manmohan Singh and, even better, Sonia Gandhi.

Why else should he bother with loss of life and property? It’s not his life or his property! Perhaps Mr Roy had already got wind of the rumour — now reported as fact — that like a medieval empress rewarding subservient courtiers, Mamata Banerjee has decided to bestow the portfolio not on him but on Dinesh Trivedi.

Trains were always on time in a childhood spent in railway colonies when we were not romping in a saloon shunted in the sidings in some distant station or in retiring rooms with the knowledge that a good restaurant with khansamas in crisply beplumed turbans and gleaming brass medallions was available just down the stairs.

The last time I had to spend a night in a retiring room was in Arrah because I was visiting the Sonepur fair in the 1970s. The bed linen was so filthy that I reclined all night in a long cane planter’s chair. I should imagine that handsome piece of teak has either been chopped up for firewood or graces some official’s residence.

Trains were on time because engines were well maintained, the tracks perfectly in order with sleepers and fish plates so spaced as to cause the minimum bumps, and no signalman was ever caught napping on his watch.

It would offend his izzat and there was no greater insult than that. It was fascinating to watch the signalman at the end of the platform deftly fling the wire ring to the engine driver who caught and flung it back with equal adroitness. The exchange signalled the all-clear.

The inspector in his sola topee on a trolley wheeling along the track under blazing skies or in torrential rain was another indicator of the importance attached to safety. Four bearers pushed and pulled the platform for a while and then jumped on it to remain seated while the momentum lasted.

The trolley’s smooth passage ensured that the train following had nothing to fear from missing segments of track, worn-out sleepers, loose fishplate screws or other dangers. The sola-hatted inspector and his bearers literally put their lives on the line for passengers.

Maoism has come as a tremendous boon. The consequences of substandard material (everyone takes a cut on every purchase), shoddy workmanship, poor maintenance and negligent inspection can be blamed on saboteurs.

What would all our public services do without those armed rebels? It recalls the principality of Monaco cabling Paris after the end of the Second World War asking for some Communists. Monaco didn’t qualify for Marshall Aid otherwise.

It’s a hell of a way to run a railroad, as the old American saying goes. It’s also a hell of a way to run a country.

* Sunanda K. Datta-Ray is a senior journalist, columnist and author

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Chinmayananda Padhy 14/07/2011 - 02:32am

It seems you belong to a very well-to-do family, and described the legacy in an marvellous manner. I am not denying what you said. In my experience, the train journey in India was never a splendid one for the poor neither in past decades nor is it now. Yes, one thing that got better now is that we can't climb to the roof (like Mahtma Gandhi did) for reaching at our destination, thanks to electrification of trains.
Now, we are packed inside a bogie like a herd of sheep before reaching the butcher's place. Today most people able to get into sleeper coach, not because it is affordable, rather because we could afford to enter it, thanks to glottalization and increase of per capita income. Still, you can find 500 people inside two general bogies, one behind the engine and one next to the guard's cabin, then 1,000 people in 10 reserved three-tier sleepers and 216 in three-tier a/c sleeper and 40 in two-tier a/c and 20 in a first class a/c. So is the economic map of our country. About food, I can say, I am not able to gladly afford it even if I am sitting in a three-tier a/c, then what about rest? Just think about that.
The credit of reaching safely at our destination never goes to our railway safety research wing, rather real credit goes to foreign companies who could made their outdated safety products to sell to our railway by paying hefty bribes. As a keen researcher in smart engineering, I had approached railway safety research centre, offering a few implementable ideas for avoiding train collisions, but to my surprise scientists there I found were seriously busy in enhancing their mental ability by playing cards or chess game during office hours. After a few minutes of wait, they painfully dragged their attention towards me and after listening for two minutes understood everything, and sarcastically told me that they always take the safety equipment from trusted vendors from the US or Germany. Then I asked myself what do they do there and why we pay them through our tax.
As per my knowledge, our IITians and other engineering students have enough solutions to detect such sabotages or anomalies before hand and ensure our trains reach safely their destination.... but our railway people won't take it simply because they will not get any hefty bribes from us. Regarding offering of tenders to contractors, the deciding factor is how much bribes the contractors can offer, rather how much quality commitment they offer.
To sum it up, our minsters declare new projects not for offering convenience to common people rather to strengthen their hold on their chair and earn millions from the contractors(new projects means new avenues for bribes). Top officials of railway are busy in settlement of bribe amount, which passes from them to ministers. Only people who work genuinely is drivers and gang men and other labor class people in railway(but not TTEs)
So, finally we should feel privileged that, we are not facing such accidents daily... the real credit goes to humble labourers who set the track and highest credit goes to extremists (Maoists or terrorists) who do not plant bombs daily on track, else we would find accidents and blasts daily. But still our representative to government would say that he is a mere state minister he can't go and our PM would say I am very busy in reshuffling my cabinet...

Umesh C Pande 13/07/2011 - 11:32am

It's sad and disappointing fact of today.We are functioning only for the sake of keeping things moving. The spirit and requirements are missing and there is nobody to check and correct. Forget the perfection in work, even the basic essentials are being compromised for narrow and selfish short-term gains. There is no vision for growth and long-term development in a sustainable way. It looks like everything is ageing and going to die. The political leadership is defunct and cannot think beyond politics. Human life has no value in here and there is no acountability/responsibility for these mishaps.

Arvind Kumar 12/07/2011 - 10:20am

There is gross corruption and mismanagement of railways. The need is to privatise it like the airlines but in a transparent way. Let 10 companies around the world participate in the tender and let it be awarded to four companies — east, west, central and south. Let's accept that the job of the government is ensure regulations for safety and comfort, not to run public utilities.